> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://mintlify.com/appertafoundation/openeyes/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Clinical Modules Overview

> Understanding OpenEyes modular architecture and clinical event types

# Clinical Modules Overview

OpenEyes is built on a modular architecture where each clinical activity is handled by a dedicated event module. This design allows for flexibility, extensibility, and specialization of clinical workflows.

## Module Architecture

Each module in OpenEyes represents a specific clinical event type and follows a consistent structure:

* **Controllers**: Handle user interactions and workflow logic
* **Models**: Define data structures and business rules
* **Views**: Render the user interface
* **Elements**: Modular components that can be added to events

### Event-Based System

Clinical data in OpenEyes is organized around **events** - discrete clinical activities that occur at specific points in time. Each event is created by a module and can contain multiple elements.

<Note>
  All clinical modules extend the base event framework, ensuring consistency while allowing for specialty-specific customization.
</Note>

## Module Categories

OpenEyes modules are categorized by prefix, indicating their primary purpose:

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="OphCi - Clinical Investigation" icon="microscope">
    Modules for recording clinical findings and examinations
  </Card>

  <Card title="OphDr - Drug Administration" icon="pills">
    Modules for prescribing and administering medications
  </Card>

  <Card title="OphTr - Treatment" icon="syringe">
    Modules for surgical and therapeutic procedures
  </Card>

  <Card title="OphCo - Communication" icon="envelope">
    Modules for correspondence and documentation
  </Card>

  <Card title="OphIn - Investigation" icon="chart-line">
    Modules for diagnostic tests and measurements
  </Card>

  <Card title="OphOu - Outcomes" icon="clipboard-check">
    Modules for patient-reported outcomes and audits
  </Card>
</CardGroup>

## Core Clinical Modules

### Clinical Investigation (OphCi)

<Accordion title="OphCiExamination - Clinical Examination">
  The most comprehensive module in OpenEyes, containing 59+ element types for recording complete ophthalmic examinations. Supports configurable workflows for different subspecialties.

  **Key Features:**

  * Visual acuity (distance and near)
  * Intraocular pressure measurement
  * Anterior and posterior segment examination
  * Diabetic retinopathy grading
  * Glaucoma risk assessment
  * OCT and imaging integration
  * Management plans and clinic outcomes

  [Learn more →](/modules/examination)
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphCiPhasing - Phasing Tests">
  Records diurnal IOP variation studies, used primarily in glaucoma management.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphCiDidNotAttend - DNA Recording">
  Documents when patients miss scheduled appointments, important for clinic management and patient tracking.
</Accordion>

### Drug Administration (OphDr)

<Accordion title="OphDrPrescription - Prescriptions">
  Handles the complete prescription workflow from creation through to dispensing and administration.

  **Features:**

  * Medication selection with formulary integration
  * Allergy checking and drug interaction warnings
  * Electronic prescription generation
  * Print and digital distribution
  * Prescription authorization workflow

  [Learn more →](/modules/prescriptions)
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphDrPGDPSD - Patient Group Directions">
  Manages Patient Group Directions (PGD) and Patient Specific Directions (PSD) for protocol-based prescribing.
</Accordion>

### Treatment (OphTr)

<Accordion title="OphTrOperationbooking - Operation Booking">
  Manages the surgical scheduling workflow:

  * Procedure selection and laterality
  * Theatre diary management
  * Scheduling and rescheduling
  * Pre-assessment tracking
  * Patient communication letters

  [Learn more →](/modules/operations)
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphTrOperationnote - Operation Notes">
  Comprehensive surgical documentation with procedure-specific templates for cataract, vitreoretinal, glaucoma, corneal, and other ophthalmic surgeries.

  [Learn more →](/modules/operations)
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphTrOperationchecklists - WHO Checklists">
  Digital WHO surgical safety checklists for theatre management.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphTrConsent - Consent Forms">
  Electronic consent management with procedure-specific risks and benefits.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphTrIntravitrealinjection - Intravitreal Injections">
  Specialized module for recording anti-VEGF and other intravitreal therapy.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphTrLaser - Laser Procedures">
  Documents various laser treatments including PRP, focal laser, YAG capsulotomy, and SLT.
</Accordion>

### Communication (OphCo)

<Accordion title="OphCoCorrespondence - Letters">
  Robust letter generation system with template-based workflows.

  **Capabilities:**

  * GP and patient letters
  * Internal referrals
  * Template macros and snippets
  * Digital signature support
  * Bulk printing and electronic distribution

  [Learn more →](/modules/correspondence)
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphCoMessaging - Internal Messaging">
  Secure internal messaging for clinical team communication.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphCoTherapyapplication - Therapy Applications">
  Manages applications for funding approval for expensive therapies (e.g., anti-VEGF treatments).
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphCoCvi - Certificate of Vision Impairment">
  Electronic CVI completion and submission for patients with significant vision loss.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphCoDocument - Document Management">
  Attach and manage external documents within patient records.
</Accordion>

### Investigation (OphIn)

<Accordion title="OphInBiometry - Biometry">
  Captures biometry measurements for IOL calculation in cataract surgery.

  **Features:**

  * Axial length measurements
  * Keratometry readings
  * IOL power calculations
  * Multiple formula support (SRK/T, Holladay, Haigis, Barrett, etc.)
  * Device integration

  [Learn more →](/modules/biometry)
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphInVisualfields - Visual Field Tests">
  Records and tracks visual field test results with support for various testing strategies.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphInLabResults - Laboratory Results">
  Integrates laboratory test results into patient records.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphInDnaextraction - DNA Extraction">
  Tracks DNA sample extraction for genetic testing.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphInDnasample - DNA Samples">
  Manages DNA sample collection and storage.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphInGeneticresults - Genetic Results">
  Records genetic test results for inherited eye conditions.
</Accordion>

### Outcomes & Audits (OphOu)

<Accordion title="OphOuAnaestheticsatisfactionaudit - Anaesthetic Audit">
  Collects patient satisfaction data for anaesthetic audit.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="OphOuCatprom5 - Cataract PROMs">
  Patient-reported outcome measures specific to cataract surgery.
</Accordion>

## Supporting Modules

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="OphGeneric" icon="file-medical">
    Generic event module for recording non-specialized clinical activities
  </Card>

  <Card title="Genetics" icon="dna">
    Comprehensive genetics module for inherited eye disease clinics
  </Card>

  <Card title="PatientTicketing" icon="ticket">
    Virtual clinic and patient queue management
  </Card>

  <Card title="OETrial" icon="flask">
    Clinical trial patient recruitment and tracking
  </Card>
</CardGroup>

## Module Configuration

Modules can be enabled or disabled per installation and configured for specific subspecialties. The OphCiExamination module, for example, allows different sets of elements to be available for different subspecialties (glaucoma, medical retina, cataract, etc.).

```php theme={null}
'modules' => [
    'OphCiExamination' => [
        'class' => '\OEModule\OphCiExamination\OphCiExaminationModule',
    ],
    'OphDrPrescription' => [
        'class' => 'application.modules.OphDrPrescription.OphDrPrescriptionModule',
    ],
],
```

## Element Architecture

Modules use a flexible element-based architecture:

* **Elements** are reusable components that capture specific clinical data
* Events can contain multiple elements
* Elements can be mandatory or optional
* Element availability can be configured per subspecialty
* Elements support laterality (left/right eye)

<Note>
  The modular design allows institutions to customize OpenEyes to match their clinical workflows while maintaining a consistent core framework.
</Note>

## Next Steps

<CardGroup cols={3}>
  <Card title="Examination Module" icon="eye" href="/modules/examination">
    Deep dive into the OphCiExamination module
  </Card>

  <Card title="Prescriptions" icon="prescription-bottle" href="/modules/prescriptions">
    Learn about medication management
  </Card>

  <Card title="Operations" icon="hospital" href="/modules/operations">
    Surgical workflow documentation
  </Card>
</CardGroup>